A review on Pharmacological potential of Solanum nigrum: Pharmacological review on Solanum nigrum

Abstract

Solanum nigrum, commonly known as black nightshade, is a plant species that belongs to the family Solanaceae, used in traditional medicine systems in various parts of the world for its potential pharmacological properties. The present study is an attempt to review the pharmacological potential of Solanum nigrum. Solanum nigrum contains several bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which exhibit significant antioxidant activity. Studies have demonstrated that Solanum nigrum possess anti-inflammatory effects. Solanum nigrum has shown promising anticancer activity in preclinical studies, its extracts have exhibited cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines, including lung, breast, colon, and liver cancers. The phytochemicals present in this plant are believed to induce apoptosis (cell death) and inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Several studies have reported the antimicrobial potential of Solanum nigrum against various pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Solanum nigrum has been investigated for its hepato-protective properties. Some research suggests that Solanum nigrum may have anti-diabetic properties, reported to possess hypoglycaemic activity. While these studies highlight the potential pharmacological properties of Solanum nigrum, it is important to note that further research is still needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action and evaluate its safety and efficacy in humans.