A clinico-radiological and pathological profile of lung cancer patients presented to All India Institute of Medical Sciences (Patna)

Abstract

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The clinicopathological
profile of lung cancer has shown marked regional and geographical variation. Majority of the patients have locally
advanced or disseminated disease at presentation and are not candidates for surgery. Objective: The aim of this study was to
evaluate the clinico-radiological and pathological profile of lung cancer patients and difference in histopathology between
smoker and non-smoker. We also assessed yield of the various diagnostic procedures used for confirmation of lung cancer.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients diagnosed between May 1, 2016, and December 31, 2016. The complete
demographic profile, smoking status, clinical, radiological, and diagnostic details were recorded in the study. Data were entered
and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 30 patients (19 male and 11 female) included in our study with mean age of
55.26 years. Cough (80%) and dyspnea (80%) were the most common symptom and mass (86%), pleural effusion (53.3%) was the
most common radiological presentation of patients. Clubbing and hemoptysis both was found only in 8 out of 30 (26%) patients.
Adenocarcinoma (46.6%) was the most common histopathological type followed by squamous cell carcinoma (16.6%) and small
cell carcinoma (13.3%). The majority of patients (60%) presented in Stage 4. Computed tomography guided biopsy had better yield
in compare to ultrasonography guided (80% vs. 70.8%). Bronchoscopic procedure had lowest yield (38.8%). Conclusion: The
clinicopathological profile of lung cancer has changed in last few years, especially in the increase in adenocarcinoma incidence,
and now it is the most common cause in both smokers and non-smoker.