A Dietary Approach in the Management of Primary Hypothyroidism - A Case Report

Abstract

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder characterized by thyroid hormone deficiencies, with primary and secondary types. Primary hypothyroidism is caused by elevated anterior pituitary synthesis of TSH due to inadequate thyroid production. Diet therapy is a practical approach to treating or preventing diseases, with a balanced diet crucial for thyroid function. Nutritional imbalances can lead to thyroid dysfunction. In addition, iodine, selenium, iron, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 are required for thyroid hormone production. This study evaluates diet therapy's effectiveness in managing primary hypothyroidism. A 42-year old female patient with hypothyroidism reported chest tightness, dizziness, and abdominal burning. She has been experiencing weight gain, body pain, and weakness for two months. She was prescribed allopathic medication and started a therapeutic diet for 21 days. The patient was assessed with pre-post of the parameters of body mass index, thyroid profile, and quality of life. The BMI changed from 27 to 23 kg/m2, Thyroid profile values T3 from 34.8 to 117.9 ng/dl, T4 from 1.0 to 13.2 ug/dl, TSH from 39.540 to 0.591 uIU/ml, SF 12 from 72 to 98. and she was advised to take regular follow-ups. This study demonstrates how necessary dietary modifications might influence thyroid function.