Journal of Orofacial Research
type: channel
description: ISSN: p-ISSN - 2277- 7482; e-ISSN - 2249-9091 Discipline: Dental Sciences Starting Year: 2011 Current volume: Volume 15 Issue per year: 4 issues Editor-in-chief: Dr. Shailesh Kumar Mukul, India Indexing: Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, Citefactor, Sherpa Romeo, Research Bible. E-mail: editor.jofr@mansapublishers.com
publisher: Mansa STM Publishers
language: en
publication name: Journal of Orofacial Research
issn: 2277-7482
items: Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candida Colonization in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review
items: Goldenhar Syndrome: A Case Report
items: Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Dentistry from Diagnosis To Decision: An Updated Review
items: Enhanced Precision in Endodontic Treatment of Calcified Canals through Static Navigation: Case based Perspective
items: Dental Care During Pregnancy A Narrative Review
items: Management of Partial Necrosis of Submental Flap – A Case Report
items: Non Pharmacological Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis A narrative review
items: Oral Habits in Children Due to Anxiety, Fear, and Psychological Stress
items: Platysma Flap for Mandibular Reconstruction: A Case Report
items: A Review on Revolutionizing Pediatric Dental Treatments with 3D Printing Technology: Current Trends and Future Prospects
items: Artificial Intelligence for Real Time Resection Margin Evaluation in Oral Cancer: A Future Perspective
items: Diode laser excision of pyogenic granuloma on an uncommon oral site: A case report
items: Exploring Paradigms in Intraoperative Assessment of Resection Margins (IOARM) in Oral Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
items: Benefits and Challenges of Use of Artificial Intelligence in Oral Health Issues of Pediatric Patients
items: Management of Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC): A Case Series
items: Drill bit failure in Mandible fracture Fixation- A case report and Management
items: Parotid Gland Teratoma: An Unusual Tumor in an Uncommon Location
items: An unusual presentation of garre’s osteomyelitis of mandible: A case report
items: Management of trauma-induced discoloration in non-vital teeth using walking bleach technique: A case series
items: Pleomorphic adenoma of the palate: A case report
items: Taboos in Dentistry: A Review
items: Antimicrobial Efficacy of Dental Materials Modified with Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles: A Review
items: Applications of Dermatoglyphics in Dentistry: A Narrative Review
items: Unusual Oral Manifestations of autoimmune disorders
items: Complex odontoma and the use of platelet-rich fibrin for wound healing
items: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentistry: A Narrative Review
items: Height width ratio of frontal sinus in different stages of cervical vertebrae maturation in subjects with normal occlusion
items: CT Analysis of Inflammatory Lesions of Paranasal Sinuses
items: A Atypical presentation of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT 2) with self mutilation of tongue as an early sign. A case report
items: Premalignant Lesions of the Oral Cavity: An Update

Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candida Colonization in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review
type: item
description: Background: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa, affecting middle aged women. Despite increasing interest in probiotics as adjunctive therapy in OLP, evidence regarding their role in reducing oral Candida colonization and improving clinical outcomes remains limited. This review was done to systematically evaluate the effect of probiotic therapy on oral Candida colonization, recurrence of candidiasis, and related clinical outcomes in patients with oral lichen planus. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024550624). Electronic searches were performed across multiple databases from January 2001 to March 2025. Trials assessing probiotic interventions with reported microbiological outcomes, including Candida load, recurrence, or fungal colonization, were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool with domain-level judgments, and certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Results: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 110 participants were included, of which two specifically reported oral Candida-related outcomes. Considerable heterogeneity existed in probiotic strains, formulations, treatment regimens, and outcome measures. Probiotic monotherapy did not demonstrate consistent reduction in oral Candida colonization or recurrence when compared with placebo or standard therapy. In contrast, adjunctive probiotic use alongside topical corticosteroids was associated with a greater reduction in oral Candida colonization, decreased risk of steroid-associated candidiasis, and improved microbial balance. Secondary benefits included greater pain reduction and improved lesion scores in some studies. Immunological assessments showed non-significant trends toward reduced inflammatory markers. All probiotic interventions were well tolerated, with no se…
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Lichen Planus
  topic: keywords
subject: Probiotics
  topic: keywords
subject: Candidiasis
  topic: keywords
subject: Lactobacillus
  topic: keywords
creator: Niyati shah
creator: Shivayogi Charantimath
creator: Vasanti Jirge
creator: Vaishali Keluskar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Niyati Shah, Shivayogi Charantimath, Vasanti Jirge, Vaishali Keluskar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-05-20
publication date: 2026-05-20
starting page: 10
ending page: 17

Goldenhar Syndrome: A Case Report
type: item
description: Goldenhar Syndrome, also known as Oculo-auriculo-vertebral Dysplasia, is one of the rare congenital developmental disorders that usually affects the anatomical structures derived from the first and second branchial arches. It is mostly sporadic in nature. Abnormality or defect in vascular supply of the embryo, as well as disruption in mesodermal migration, leads to the defective formation of the branchial arches and the vertebral system, which ultimately results in the development of Goldenhar syndrome. Clinical manifestations of Goldenhar Syndrome range from mild to severe forms. The characteristic clinical features are- maxillomandibular hypoplasia, epibulbar dermoid cyst, pretragal fistula, preauricular skin appendages, atresia of external, middle, and internal ear, and vertebral abnormalities. Here, we report a case of an 18-year-old male patient with typical orofacial manifestations of this syndrome. He had features like maxillomandibular hypoplasia, deviated nasal septum, preauricular tags, microtia, torticollis, cleft lip, and palate. The importance of the case report is to highlight the highly variable presentation of this congenital anomaly, facilitating early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Oculo-Auriculo-Vertebral Spectrum
  topic: keywords
subject: Congenital abnormalities
  topic: keywords
subject: Craniofacial Abnormalities
  topic: keywords
creator: Prateeti Ghosh
creator: DEBASISH Pramanick
creator: Arijita Paul
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Prateeti Ghosh, Debasish Pramanick, Arijita Paul https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-03
publication date: 2026-03-03
starting page: 7
ending page: 9

Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Dentistry from Diagnosis To Decision: An Updated Review
type: item
description: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in pediatric dentistry, offering enhanced accuracy, efficiency, and personalized care for children. AI-powered digital workflows—such as automated treatment planning, orthodontic simulations, and caries-risk prediction models—enhance clinical decision-making and reduce chairside time. In preventive dentistry, AI enables personalized recall intervals and risk-based protocols based on large datasets of pediatric oral health patterns. Additionally, virtual reality (VR) and AI-enabled gamification tools contribute to improved patient cooperation and dental education. AI-based applications assist in monitoring children’s anxiety levels through facial expression analysis, enabling practitioners to tailor communication and behavior guidance strategies. Despite its advantages, the integration of AI requires considerations regarding data privacy, algorithm transparency, pediatric-specific datasets, and ethical use to ensure safe, unbiased outcomes. With appropriate regulation and clinician training, AI has the potential to significantly elevate diagnostic precision, streamline treatment processes, and improve patient compliance in pediatric dental practice. Overall, AI represents a promising adjunct to conventional pediatric dentistry, supporting clinicians in delivering more efficient, child-centered, and evidence-based care. This article explores the applications of artificial intelligence in early diagnosis, treatment planning, behavior management for children using virtual reality, augmented reality and some AI based apps, softwares that are in use.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: virtual reality
  topic: keywords
subject: diagnosis
  topic: keywords
subject: treatment planning
  topic: keywords
subject: AI Apps
  topic: keywords
creator: J. Keerthana
creator: V.Sandeep kumar
creator: K. Rajavardhan
creator: K.Prathibha Laxmi
creator: V. Archana
creator: SN. Praveenkanth Reddy
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 J.Keerthana; V.Sandeep kumar, K.Rajavardhan, K.Prathibha Laxmi, V.Archana, SN. Praveenkanth Reddy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-21
publication date: 2026-01-21
starting page: 1
ending page: 6

Enhanced Precision in Endodontic Treatment of Calcified Canals through Static Navigation: Case based Perspective
type: item
description: In modern endodontics, calcified root canals pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Their complex and often obliterated anatomy often leads to problems in canal location, iatrogenic errors such as perforations, and missed canals. Case 1 illustrates the traditional method, requiring greater dentin removal, cautious access modification, and ultrasonic assistance to finally negotiate the calcified canal. Case 2 demonstrates the successful application of Static navigation (SN) in treating a pulp canal obliterated maxillary central incisor with periapical pathology in a young adult. SN with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data and 3D printed surgical guides has become a revolutionary method for treating such issues with the highest accuracy and minimal invasive access. Based on digital planning and CBCT integration, a 3D printed endodontic guide was fabricated, enabling guided access to the calcified canal with minimal compromise to surrounding tissue. Clinical and radiographic images reveal (i) exact positioning of the 3D guide, (ii) canal negotiation, (iii) biomechanical preparation, and (iv) 3D obturation. Hitherto, the literature has supported an increasing reliance on guided endodontics for cases of pulp canal calcification, and studies have shown improved outcomes with reduced operative risk. This case demonstrates the importance of a precision guided, minimally invasive approach and highlights that static navigation, which can be reviewed preoperatively, can significantly improve treatment outcomes in situations traditionally considered high risk or impossible to treat with conventional methods. Ultimately, interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation are vital to extending the benefits of this technique in both clinical and academic settings.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Access cavity
  topic: keywords
subject: computer aided
  topic: keywords
subject: cone beam computed tomography
  topic: keywords
subject: guided endodontics
  topic: keywords
subject: minimally invasive access
  topic: keywords
subject: printed templates
  topic: keywords
subject: pulp canal obliteration
  topic: keywords
creator: sharanya jayachandra
creator: Rakesh Yadav
creator: Promila Verma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sharanya A J, Rakesh Kumar Yadav, Promila Verma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-18
publication date: 2025-12-18
starting page: 30
ending page: 34

Dental Care During Pregnancy A Narrative Review
type: item
description: Pregnancy brings about substantial hormonal and physiological shifts that can affect oral health, making women more vulnerable to conditions like gingivitis, pyogenic granuloma, and oral candidiasis. If these oral lesions are not addressed, they can compromise both the mother’s comfort and the baby’s health. This review explores the relationship between pregnancy and oral health, with a focus on the frequency, clinical features, and management of oral lesions during pregnancy. It underscores the value of maintaining proper oral hygiene, attending routine dental appointments, and seeking prompt care for any dental concerns. The review also affirms that both preventive and restorative dental treatments are safe and important throughout pregnancy. Educating expectant mothers about oral health is crucial, as it enables early detection and prevention of oral diseases. Ultimately, proactive oral care during pregnancy leads to improved health outcomes for both mother and child.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Candidiasis
  topic: keywords
subject: Pregnancy
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Gingivitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Dental Caries
  topic: keywords
subject: Periodontitis
  topic: keywords
creator: Ankita Gupta
creator: Rashmi Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Ankita Gupta, Rashmi Agrawal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 32
ending page: 36

Management of Partial Necrosis of Submental Flap – A Case Report
type: item
description: We report a case of a 68-year-old male with recurrent unicystic ameloblastoma involving the anterior mandible who underwent anterior marginal mandibulectomy and reconstruction with a submental artery island flap. Despite uneventful intraoperative planning, the patient developed partial distal flap necrosis postoperatively. Given the patient’s age and systemic comorbidities, conservative wound care was chosen over secondary surgical intervention. Gradual healing was achieved without functional or aesthetic compromise. This case highlights the submental flap’s utility in elderly patients and emphasizes the importance of early identification and non-surgical management of flap complications.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: submental flap
  topic: keywords
subject: Anterior marginal mandibulectomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral cavity reconstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: Partial flap necrosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Unicystic ameloblastoma
  topic: keywords
creator: Sailesh Kumar Mukul
creator: Sibgutulah Rashid
creator: Vyakhya Akhileshkumar Gupta
creator: Rajni Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sailesh Kumar Mukul, Sibgutulah Rashid, Vyakhya Akhileshkumar Gupta, Rajni Mishra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-08-06
publication date: 2025-08-06
starting page: 23
ending page: 25

Non Pharmacological Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis A narrative review
type: item
description: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a very common oral mucosal lesion characterized by frequent, painful ulcerations with undiscerned etiopathology with several theories proposed like it being a bacterial infection, immunological abnormality, genetic predisposition, nutritional deficiency with trauma, stress and allergies being trigger factors. The treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic relief and keeping the intervals of remission protracted. Topical corticosteroids, analgesics, systemic antibiotics, and immunosuppressant drugs are the commonly used medications. Non pharmacological measures like laser, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and cryotherapy can also be used which have proven to cause analgesia, reduce ulcer dimensions and accelerate healing, PDT being the novel approach requiring single session application and giving symptomatic relief to patients within hours. Meanwhile, stress management and dietary modifications also help in keeping the ulcers at bay. Therefore, along with conventional management, these emerging therapeutic options can be explored and employed to provide synergistic treatment to the patients of RAS.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis
  topic: keywords
subject: photodynamic therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Dietary antioxidant index
  topic: keywords
subject: cryotherapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Ankita Gupta
creator: Meghashyama Kulkarni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ankita Gupta, Meghashyama Kulkarni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 5
ending page: 9

Oral Habits in Children Due to Anxiety, Fear, and Psychological Stress
type: item
description: Children develop certain oral habits to overcome fear and anxiety in social situations. These habits are more common in children who have experienced neglect, childhood trauma, or loss of a parent at a young age and who live in orphanages and foster homes. They acquire habits such as nail, lip, and pencil biting, thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, prolonged use of pacifiers, mouth breathing, and bruxism. Teeth alignment depends on genetic factors. However, these habits can have a major impact on the development of the maxilla and mandible, as well as the formation of both primary and permanent teeth. Deformities of teeth alignment and soft tissue change may lead to infections and dry mouth because of decreased salivary flow. The severity, duration, and frequency of the habit may affect the degree of malocclusion. Detecting these habits at an early age may help prevent any major impact on the dental, skeletal deformity, and psychological health of children. The key is the timing of the intervention. Timely detection and treatment of the underlying cause may prevent medical, behavioral, and oral health problems. This review article provides an overview of oral habits in children related to psychological stress, fear, and anxiety, and suggests ways to deal with them.
subject: Short Communication
  topic: section
subject: Oral habits
  topic: keywords
subject: Malocclusion
  topic: keywords
subject: Fear and General Anxiety
  topic: keywords
subject: Childhood Trauma
  topic: keywords
subject: Child Neglect
  topic: keywords
subject: Stress
  topic: keywords
creator: Bharat Ram Chowdry Guttikonda
creator: Sandhya J Kadam
creator: Krishna Veni Guttikonda
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Bharat Ram Chowdry Guttikonda, Sandhya J Kadam, Krishna Veni Guttikonda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-05
publication date: 2025-10-05
starting page: 26
ending page: 29

Platysma Flap for Mandibular Reconstruction: A Case Report
type: item
description: The platysma myocutaneous flap (PMF) is a versatile option for reconstructing small to medium sized defects in the oral cavity due to its thin, pliable nature and reliable vascularity. This case report illustrates the successful application of a PMF for mandibular reconstruction following marginal mandibulectomy in a 58 year old patient with acanthomatous ameloblastoma. The flap provided adequate soft tissue coverage with minimal donor site morbidity. While the initial recovery was uneventful, a late complication of screw loosening in the reconstruction plate was managed effectively. At 1 year follow up, the surgical site demonstrated successful healing with a viable flap and no functional impairment. This case highlights the PMF's utility in oral reconstruction, emphasizing its simplicity and reliability when applied with meticulous surgical technique and vigilant postoperative monitoring.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Platysma myocutaneous flap
  topic: keywords
subject: Ameloblastoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Mandibular Reconstruction
  topic: keywords
creator: Sailesh Kumar Mukul
creator: Sibgutulah Rashid
creator: Rajni Mishra
creator: Vyakhya Akhileshkumar Gupta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sailesh Kumar Mukul, Sibgutulah Rashid, Rajni Mishra, Vyakhya Akhileshkumar Gupta http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 15
ending page: 19
doi: 10.32677/jofr.v14i2.7633

A Review on Revolutionizing Pediatric Dental Treatments with 3D Printing Technology: Current Trends and Future Prospects
type: item
description: The advent of 3D printing technology has revolutionized the field of dentistry, leading to significant advancements in clinical applications and research. The integration of 3D printing with CAD CAM technology facilitates the layer by layer manufacturing of three dimensional objects by sequentially adding material. 3D printing is a resourceful technique that allows the development of fully digitalized and personalized treatment plans, thereby helping to customize dental appliances for patients. It is highly competent, replicable, and provides fast and precise results in a reasonably priced style. Recently, 3D printing technology has played a major role in pediatric dentistry from the printing of individualized imprint trays, orthodontic models, maxillo facial growth evaluation, interceptive appliances, fabrication of prosthetics, and crowns, during fracture, surgical cases, and navigating complex root canal treatments in pediatric patients. Through this review, we intend to discuss the scope of 3D printing in the field of pediatric dentistry.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: 3D Printing
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric dentistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Additive manufacturing
  topic: keywords
creator: Greeshma B
creator: Sandeep V
creator: Rajavardhan K
creator: Sindhura K
creator: Madhupreethi T
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Greeshma B; Sandeep V, Rajavardhan K, Sindhura K, Madhupreethi T https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 10
ending page: 14

Artificial Intelligence for Real Time Resection Margin Evaluation in Oral Cancer: A Future Perspective
type: item
description: Clear resection margins in oral cancer surgery are essential for minimizing local recurrence and enhancing patient outcomes. Conventional intraoperative margin assessment, primarily through frozen section analysis, is time intensive and prone to sampling errors. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising solution for real time, accurate margin evaluation. This review examines AI's role in intraoperative margin assessment for oral cancer, focusing on machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and imaging based techniques such as hyperspectral imaging (HSI), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and Raman spectroscopy. We review their applications, advantages, limitations, and future potential, supported by scientific evidence. AI driven methods improve precision, reduce operative time, and enhance oncologic outcomes, paving the way for transformative advancements in surgical practice.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Oral Cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Resection Margin
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
creator: Sailesh Kumar Mukul
creator: Sibgutulah Rashid
creator: Vyakhya Akhileshkumar Gupta
creator: Khan Sabera Kalimuddin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sailesh Kumar Mukul, Sibgutulah Rashid, Vyakhya Akhileshkumar Gupta, Khan Sabera Kalimuddin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 4

Diode laser excision of pyogenic granuloma on an uncommon oral site: A case report
type: item
description: Pyogenic granuloma is a benign, vascular growth that typically results from factors like chronic irritation, trauma, or hormonal changes. While it is most commonly found on the gingiva, its appearance on the buccal mucosa is rare, which can make diagnosis more complex. A 56 year old female presented with a gradually enlarging, painless lesion on her right buccal mucosa that had been present for three months. Clinical examination revealed a firm, red, sessile mass that bled upon manipulation. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of pyogenic granuloma was made, with hemangioma considered as a differential diagnosis. The lesion was excised using a diode laser under local anesthesia. The procedure was performed with minimal bleeding, and the surgical site was well illuminated, making the excision precise. The patient experienced no complications during the healing process, and at the 12 month follow up, the lesion had fully healed without any signs of recurrence.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Pyogenic granuloma
  topic: keywords
subject: buccal mucosa growth
  topic: keywords
subject: reactive vascular lesion
  topic: keywords
subject: gingiva
  topic: keywords
creator: Neha Aggarwal
creator: Aditi Sangwan
creator: Anju Devi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Neha Aggarwal, Aditi Sangwan, Anju Devi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-07-12
publication date: 2025-07-12
starting page: 20
ending page: 22
doi: 10.32677/jofr.v13i4.6187

Exploring Paradigms in Intraoperative Assessment of Resection Margins (IOARM) in Oral Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
type: item
description: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) presents significant challenges in surgical management, particularly in achieving clear resection margins, which are crucial for reducing recurrence and improving patient outcomes. Traditional methods like visual inspection and palpation are often insufficient for accurate margin assessment. This review delves into advanced intraoperative imaging and assessment techniques, including intraoral ultrasound (ioUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorescence imaging, Raman spectroscopy, and confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). It aims to discuss the principles, applications, advantages, limitations, and clinical efficacy in enhancing surgical precision in OSCC treatment.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Oral
  topic: keywords
subject: Carcinoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Management
  topic: keywords
subject: MRI
  topic: keywords
creator: Sailesh Kumar Mukul
creator: Sibgutulah Rashid
creator: Vyakhya Akhileshkumar Gupta
creator: Naqoosh Haidry
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sailesh Kumar Mukul , Sibgutulah Rashid, Vyakhya Gupta http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-03-30
publication date: 2025-03-30
starting page: 26
ending page: 31
doi: 10.32677/jofr.v13i4.5030

Benefits and Challenges of Use of Artificial Intelligence in Oral Health Issues of Pediatric Patients
type: item
description: Oral health is often disregarded, especially within pediatric populations, due to caregivers' persistent misconception that primary teeth are transient and will fall out. However, the significance of preserving primary dentition until exfoliation is underestimated, as most individuals remain unaware that primary teeth serve as a critical foundation for the eruption of permanent dentition. Many children do not receive routine oral examinations, leading to inadequate oral hygiene habits and dental caries. Compared to adult patients, gaining the cooperation of young children and their management during dental appointments is challenging. Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) presents numerous advantages for this patient demographic. AI is progressively becoming a fundamental component of healthcare, wherein machines are programmed to emulate human cognitive functions. Imaging is used as a main resource in AI technology, and it is a cornerstone for dentistry. Visuals from AI can help with diagnosis and treatment, as well as simulate results and predict oral diseases. As every technology may have benefits and challenges to use, AI has its limitations and challenges. Training and education of medical staff may help overcome the challenges and use AI in managing oral issues in pediatric patients. Pediatric dental practices are rapidly integrating the AI movement in oral healthcare. The idea of using AI is to augment the knowledge of clinicians and not to replace them. This article provides an overview of AI technology use, benefits, and challenges in pediatric patients with oral health issues.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: Dental caries
  topic: keywords
subject: Dental plaque
  topic: keywords
subject: Gingivitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric Dentistry
  topic: keywords
creator: Sandhya J Kadam
creator: Krishna Veni Guttikonda
creator: Bharat Ram Chowdry Guttikonda
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sandhya J Kadam, Krishna Veni Guttikonda, Bharat Ram Chowdry Guttikonda http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-02-12
publication date: 2025-02-12
starting page: 17
ending page: 19

Management of Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC): A Case Series
type: item
description: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is significant in oral and maxillofacial surgery due to its diverse manifestations and high recurrence rate. The treatment protocol for OKC is controversial and treatment modalities range from enucleation to resection including adjunctive procedures like peripheral ostectomy, cryotherapy, and chemical cauterization. This paper discusses eight cases diagnosed with OKC which was confirmed by histopathological examination, and subsequently underwent enucleation along with chemical cauterization with modified Carnoy’s solution. Kinds of literature have proved that enucleation with the application of modified Carnoy’s solution has reduced the recurrence rate considerably. Our case series illuminates that the treatment approach adopted in our institute has decreased the recurrence rate while maintaining functional and esthetic aspects.
subject: Case Series
  topic: section
subject: modified carnoy solution
  topic: keywords
subject: Enucleation
  topic: keywords
subject: chemical cauterization
  topic: keywords
subject: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)
  topic: keywords
creator: Suranjana Roy
creator: Subhransu Basu
creator: Abhinaba Bose
creator: Debraj Samanta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Suranjana Roy, Subhransu Basu, Abhinaba Bose, Debraj Samanta http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-02-12
publication date: 2025-02-12
starting page: 20
ending page: 25

Drill bit failure in Mandible fracture Fixation- A case report and Management
type: item
description: Drill bit breakage during maxillofacial surgical procedures, including open reduction and internal fixation of mandible fractures, is a common but challenging complication for surgeons. While immediate retrieval is often successful, some cases require a more complex approach. This case report describes a retained drill bit fragment encountered during the fixation of mini plates and screws in a patient with a mandibular fracture. The article explores the multifaceted factors contributing to drill bit failure, encompassing drill bit characteristics, surgical technique, patient anatomy, and surgeon-related factors. Additionally, it covers techniques for removing broken drill bits and examines the decision-making process and potential issues. By examining both the causes and management of drill bit breakage, the article aims to guide surgeons in addressing this challenge.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Drill bit failure
  topic: keywords
subject: Mandibular fractures
  topic: keywords
subject: Fracture fixation
  topic: keywords
subject: Surgical instruments
  topic: keywords
subject: Iatrogenic disease
  topic: keywords
creator: Prabhakar Ulaganathan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Prabhakar Ulaganathan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-01-16
publication date: 2025-01-16
starting page: 8
ending page: 12

Parotid Gland Teratoma: An Unusual Tumor in an Uncommon Location
type: item
description: Extragonadal Teratomas are seen in 15% of cases and only 3-5% of such cases occur in the head and neck region. However, Teratomas rarely occur in the parotid gland. We present such a case here. A 10-year-old female presented with swelling over the left cheek. After radiological investigations, the patient was planned for surgical excision. Histopathological examination showed a well-encapsulated tumor with cystic and solid components, mainly comprised of mature neural tissue. Foci of glandular tissue and thyroid tissue and extensive areas of mature cartilage were seen. These features were suggestive of mature cystic teratoma of the parotid gland. The patient recovered well postoperatively and now is on follow-up. Due to the rarity of such lesions, it is difficult to diagnose them solely based on radiological investigations. Hence Surgical excision becomes a mainstay of treatment.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Teratoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Tumor
  topic: keywords
subject: Parotid
  topic: keywords
subject: Salivary gland
  topic: keywords
creator: Himanshi Avinash Jain
creator: Puneet Kumar Bagri
creator: Amruta Tripathy
creator: Kiran Chaudhary
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Himanshi Avinash Jain, Puneet Kumar Bagri, Amruta Tripathy, Kiran Chaudhary http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-01-16
publication date: 2025-01-16
starting page: 13
ending page: 16

An unusual presentation of garre’s osteomyelitis of mandible: A case report
type: item
description: Chronic non-suppurative osteomyelitis, also known as Garre’s osteomyelitis is a local thickening of periosteum caused by slight irritation or infection. Here, we present the case report of a unilateral bony swelling in the left side of the lower jaw associated with an infection in an 8-year-old child. The radiograph revealed the pathognomic feature of ‘onion skin’ appearance. Surgical recontouring of the lower jaw was performed since there was no evidence of bone remodelling after the removal of granulation tissues.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Orthopantomograph
  topic: keywords
subject: cone beam tomography
  topic: keywords
subject: onion skin
  topic: keywords
subject: histopathological examination
  topic: keywords
creator: Debraj Samanta
creator: Sudipta Sahu
creator: Rajarshi Banerjee
creator: Sayan Mandal
creator: Mayukh Mishra
creator: Suranjana Roy
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Debraj Samanta, Sudipta Sahu, Rajarshi Banerjee, Sayan Mandal , Mayukh Mishra, Suranjana Roy http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-06-20
publication date: 2024-06-20
starting page: 4
ending page: 7

Management of trauma-induced discoloration in non-vital teeth using walking bleach technique: A case series
type: item
description: An aesthetic smile is important since it influences a person's psychosocial well-being and shapes the image of their aesthetic self. Non-vital tooth discoloration can be caused by several factors, the most frequent, however, are dental trauma and residual sealing materials in the pulp chamber following root canal treatment. Internal bleaching (Walking bleach or Thermocatalytic) is a minimally invasive alternative to veneers or crowns. This case series presents the management of trauma-induced discoloration in anterior teeth using the walking bleach technique. Patients reported with a chief complaint of discolored front teeth and their history revealed dental trauma. After the clinical and radiographic examination, endodontic therapy was performed. After recording the shade, the walking bleach technique was performed and the patients were recalled subsequently at weekly intervals, depending on the severity of discoloration. Further bleaching appointments were scheduled if needed. After obtaining a satisfactory improvement in the shade, a definite restoration was done. Conclusion: Proper case selection and patient education can lead to satisfactory outcomes. The walking-bleach technique is recommended as a safe alternative for treating discolored non-vital teeth.
subject: Case Series
  topic: section
subject: Dental trauma
  topic: keywords
subject: Tooth discoloration
  topic: keywords
subject: Bleaching agents
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-vital teeth
  topic: keywords
subject: Walking bleach technique
  topic: keywords
creator: Paras Mull Gehlot
creator: Susmita Ghosh
creator: Shaima Misbah Shafiq
creator: Annapoorna Ballagere Mariswamy
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Paras Mull Gehlot, Susmita Ghosh, Shaima Misbah Shafiq, Annapoorna Ballagere Mariswamy http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-04-25
publication date: 2024-04-25
starting page: 38
ending page: 41

Pleomorphic adenoma of the palate: A case report
type: item
description: Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor of the salivary glands with complex morphology, possessing both epithelial and myoepithelial elements arranged in a variety of patterns. This type of tumor most commonly arises in the parotid or submandibular glands. Infrequently, it may arise from the minor salivary glands and present as an intraoral mass over the palate or lip. Here we present a case report on a hard palate swelling; FNAC revealed a benign salivary gland lesion, further radiographic & histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis pleomorphic adenoma of the palate. The aim of this article is to present a case of palatal Pleomorphic adenoma, which was treated successfully by surgical excision.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Pleomorphic Adenoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Minor Salivary Gland
  topic: keywords
subject: Myoepithelial elements
  topic: keywords
creator: Jibin Jose Tom
creator: Ushass Puthalath
creator: Sreejith VP
creator: Aparna S Nair
creator: Vidhya Vijayan MC
creator: Amrutha Krishnan M
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Jibin Jose Tom, Ushass Puthalath, Sreejith VP, Aparna S Nair, Vidhya Vijayan MC, Amrutha Krishnan M http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-06-01
publication date: 2024-06-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 3

Taboos in Dentistry: A Review
type: item
description: Lack of knowledge and awareness of people on oral heath gave rise to innumerable social misbeliefs in certain communities. In today's world, it is important for every dentist to have knowledge of the trending myths and taboos in dentistry to provide quality dental care to the patients. This short review of literature discusses the various social misconceptions and commonly encountered taboos in dentistry and the reasons for such misbeliefs.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Dental myths
  topic: keywords
subject: Taboos
  topic: keywords
subject: Misconception
  topic: keywords
creator: Ankita Gupta
creator: Manoj Vishwakarma
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Ankita Gupta, Manoj Vishwakarma http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2023-12-25
publication date: 2023-12-25
starting page: 34
ending page: 37

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Dental Materials Modified with Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles: A Review
type: item
description: Background: Silver metal alloy has been used by dentists for more than 150 years in hundreds of millions of patients. It is the most thoroughly researched and tested of all the dental materials. Its antimicrobial property is attributed to sustained ion release. With advent of nanotechnology increased number of research on dental material containing Silver nanoparticles have proven the antimicrobial efficacy of the same. However the reduction of the Silver metal salts with chemicals pose a threat on the environment in the long term. Hence there is a growing trend towards green or biosynthesis of the Silver nanoparticles using microbe mediated or plant mediated reduction process. Aim: This paper reviews the antimicrobial efficacy of the silver nanoparticles which were biosynthesized in prevention of dental infections when used with materials used in dentistry. Methodology: The literature search was performed in PubMed using the Silver nanoparticles, biosynthesized, green synthesis, antimicrobial effect, dentistry. Only full text articles from 2013 to 2023 were considered. Results: The search retrieved 16 articles which were screened per exclusion criteria of removing duplicate studies, six articles were selected for review. Conclusion: Biosynthesized Silver nanoparticles are proven to be effective against Gram Positive, Gram Negative causing dental infections when used in conjunction with conventional dental materials.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Silver nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Biosynthesis
  topic: keywords
subject: Green synthesis
  topic: keywords
subject: Antimicrobial effect
  topic: keywords
subject: Dental materials
  topic: keywords
subject: Streptococcus mutans
  topic: keywords
subject: Staphylococcus aureus
  topic: keywords
creator: Madhavi Naidu
creator: Sharanya Sabrish
creator: Prashantha G Shivamurthy
creator: Roshan M Sagarkar
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Madhavi Naidu, Sharanya Sabrish, Prashantha G Shivamurthy, Roshan M Sagarkar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-02-22
publication date: 2024-02-22
starting page: 30
ending page: 33

Applications of Dermatoglyphics in Dentistry: A Narrative Review
type: item
description: The word 'dermatoglyphics' comes from two Greek words (derma, skin and glyphe, carve) and refers to the study of the epidermal skin ridge formations which appear on the fingers, palms of the hands and soles of the feet. There are numerous applications of dermatoglyphics in dentistry as lot of studies done on dental caries and dermatoglyphics show that there is a strong correlation of dermatoglyphic patterns to the prevalence of dental caries. Dermatoglyphics should be adopted by more dental professionals and researchers for oral cavity related studies, leading to new discoveries for an early diagnosis, prompt treatment and more effective prevention of many genetic disorders of the oral cavity and other diseases whose etiology may be influenced directly or indirectly by genetic inheritance. In the future, it may serve as an important tool that can predict the future health of a person.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Dentistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Dermatoglyphics
  topic: keywords
subject: Dental Caries
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral diseases
  topic: keywords
creator: Ankita Gupta
creator: Bhavna Singh
creator: Manoj Vishwakarma
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Ankita Gupta, Bhavna Singh, Manoj Vishwakarma http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2023-09-25
publication date: 2023-09-25
starting page: 25
ending page: 29

Unusual Oral Manifestations of autoimmune disorders
type: item
description: Autoimmune diseases (ADs) impact oral health, both directly and indirectly. Immune-related disorders of the oral cavity may occur as primary disease process, secondary to systemic disease or neoplasm, or as a reaction to medications and other agents. The entities represented within this group may vary significantly by severity, clinical presentation, microscopic presentation, and special testing results. Increasing evidence is emerging for a steady rise of autoimmune diseases in the last decades. The oral physician can therefore play a pivotal role in the detection and during the following multidisciplinary treatment. Precise and early diagnosis increases the efficiency and efficacy of the treatment strategy. Therefore, the goal of our manual is to present the most “uncommon” autoimmune diseases that may show the first oral clinical signs and symptoms which are a manifestation of the general clinical disease.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Autoimmune disorders
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral manifestations
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral health
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral physicians
  topic: keywords
subject: Rheumatoid arthritis
  topic: keywords
creator: Saumya Khare
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Saumya Khare http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2023-08-15
publication date: 2023-08-15
starting page: 13
ending page: 21

Complex odontoma and the use of platelet-rich fibrin for wound healing
type: item
description: Complex odontomas are asymptomatic, benign odontogenic growths, more prevalent in the male and pediatric population. Although often found incidentally on radiography as a radio-dense mass, surgical removal is often necessary to prevent future complications. The use of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been shown to aid in wound healing and post-operative recovery. Here, we report the case of a 30-year-old male presented with a left mandibular mass on radiography. Intraoral examination revealed an asymptomatic swelling, identified as a complex odontoma by histopathology after removal. Complete excision was undertaken by piezosurgery, and the addition of PRF resulted in excellent recovery.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Multiple complex odontoma
  topic: keywords
subject: multiple odontomas
  topic: keywords
subject: hamartoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)
  topic: keywords
creator: Korosh Roshanghias
creator: Sophie Gharaei
creator: Julia Gharaei
creator: Andre Peisker
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Korosh Roshanghias, Sophie Gharaei, Julia Gharaei, Andre Peisker http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2023-08-15
publication date: 2023-08-15
starting page: 22
ending page: 24

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentistry: A Narrative Review
type: item
description: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) is very prevalent in dentistry. Physically and mentally, dentistry is a demanding job due to its time-consuming treatment procedures and mental pressure of the patients. Moreover, this Sars-Cov2 pandemic has brought a more risk to the dentist, thereby using more additional devices such as personal protection kits for their prevention which further limits the freedom of movements, increases mental stress, and imbalanced postures, and hence contributes more towards WRMSDs. These WRMSDs among dentists can be prevented or minimized by the use of ergonomic principles. The present review article discusses the various risk factors and methods of prevention of these WRMSDs.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Dental students, Ergonomics, Health hazard, Musculoskeletal disorders
  topic: keywords
creator: Ankita Gupta
creator: Ami Rawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Ankita Gupta, Ami Rawal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2022-12-25
publication date: 2022-12-25

Height width ratio of frontal sinus in different stages of cervical vertebrae maturation in subjects with normal occlusion
type: item
description: Background & Objectives: The recognition of pubertal growth spurt is an important aspect of Orthodontics. Morphological changes of the frontal sinus during adolescent growth spurt have evoked the interest of many authors. The present study aimed to evaluate the height-width ratio of frontal sinus in different stages of cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) and if possible, to determine the clinical relevance of frontal sinus morphologic variations in assessing the developmental status of an individual. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 115 subjects aged 7 to 22 years. The sample was divided into six groups based on the cervical vertebral maturation stages and five groups based on chronological age. The height-width ratio of the frontal sinus was calculated and CVM stages were evaluated on the same radiograph. The comparison of height-width ratios with the different CVM stages was done using one-way ANOVA. A pair-wise comparison was done by Duncan’s post-hoc test. Student’s t-test was used for comparison of the frontal sinus parameters with gender. Correlations of the parameters with CVM stages gender-wise were done using Kendall’s tau_b test. Results: Results showed that the height-width ratio of the frontal sinus in the study population does not differ with different age groups or the CVM stages. The height-width ratio failed to show any significant change with age or cervical maturation stages in the sample. Conclusion: The frontal sinus height-width ratio failed to show a specific pattern among the different CVM stages and hence, could not characterize an adolescent growth spurt.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Cervical Vertebrae
  topic: keywords
subject: Frontal Sinus
  topic: keywords
subject: Height Width Ratio
  topic: keywords
creator: Gayathri Prakash Anand
creator: Suja Ani G
creator: Elbe Peter
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Gayathri Prakash Anand, Suja Ani G, Elbe Peter http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2023-03-27
publication date: 2023-03-27
starting page: 6
ending page: 12

CT Analysis of Inflammatory Lesions of Paranasal Sinuses
type: item
description: Background & aim: Computed tomography (CT) is regarded as the “gold standard” in the primary imaging of inflammatory sinonasal lesions. The present study was conducted with the aim to perform a CT analysis of inflammatory lesions of paranasal sinuses. Material method: A cross-sectional radiographic study was conducted among randomly selected 156 CT scans that have been collected from patients who are clinically and radiographically diagnosed with paranasal sinus pathologies. However, 58 scans were excluded due to various reasons like presence of trauma, poor quality images etc and so 98 scans were further assessed. Results: Paranasal sinus pathologies were found to be most prevalent in the age group of 46-60 years affecting males more than females. The maxillary sinus was the most commonly affected. The most common sinus pathology was reported to be mucormycosis (fungal sinusitis) and the pathologies were found to be present more bilaterally. Conclusion: Paranasal sinus pathologies may mimic symptoms of orofacial pain. Thus dentists in general and oral physician in particular should not overlook sinus diseases as the cause of dental and facial pain. Also, a careful and thorough investigation can detect anatomical variations and pathoses that affect the maxillofacial area. Hence, it is imperative for an oral radiologist to have knowledge of the same.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Paranasal Sinuses
  topic: keywords
subject: Inflammatory Lesions
  topic: keywords
subject: Computed Tomography
  topic: keywords
creator: Bharvi A Shukla
creator: Shilpa J Parikh
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Bharvi A Shukla, Shilpa J Parikh http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2023-03-13
publication date: 2023-03-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 5

A Atypical presentation of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT 2) with self mutilation of tongue as an early sign. A case report
type: item
description: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Axonal type (CMT 2) in children is usually diagnosed in the first decade of life with distal muscular atrophy and loss of sensitivity in the extremities. The present case report describes the early sensory involvement in an infant presented as frequent mutilation of the tongue. This report highlights the importance of considering progressive neuropathies as a differential when a dentist encounters self inflicting mutilation of the oral structures other than congenital insensitivity to pain.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Mutilation
  topic: keywords
subject: Tongue
  topic: keywords
subject: Child
  topic: keywords
creator: Sandeep valasingam
creator: lakshmi Madhuri
creator: Rajesh Ninchenametla
creator: Kranti Praveen
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Sandeep valasingam, Lakshmi, Rajesh Ninchenametla, kranti Praveen http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2022-11-25
publication date: 2022-11-25

Premalignant Lesions of the Oral Cavity: An Update
type: item
description: Pre-malignant lesions or precancerous lesions are diseases that should be diagnosed at an early stage. Leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and lichen planus are the most common premalignant lesions. These lesions should be diagnosed early to prevent the risk of malignant transformation if left untreated, in which treatment would be difficult. The most common etiology includes smoking, alcohol, and areca nut chewing. A wide variety of treatment modalities are available including topical and systemic corticosteroids, retinoids, and surgical intervention.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Premalignant Lesions
  topic: keywords
subject: Precancerous Lesions
  topic: keywords
subject: Leukoplakia
  topic: keywords
subject: Erythroplakia
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral Submucous Fibrosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Lichen Planus
  topic: keywords
creator: Eby Aluckal
creator: Rachelle Li
creator: Louise Pei
creator: Amy Lee
creator: Sarah Al-Shma
creator: Abe Abraham
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Eby Aluckal, Rachelle Li, Louise Pei, Amy Lee, Sarah Al-Shma, Abe Abraham http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2022-06-15
publication date: 2022-06-15
starting page: 49
ending page: 55