Increased incidence of chronic lung disease and respiratory sequelae in growth restricted versus appropriately grown preterms

Authors

  • Kartik Sehgal
  • Kunal Sehgal
  • Kenneth Tan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v8i8.2979

Keywords:

Chronic lung disease, Fetal growth restriction, Incidence, Morbidity, Prematurity

Abstract

Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects 5–10% term gestational age pregnancies. When accompanied by prematurity, FGR infants have significantly greater risk of perinatal morbidity and/or mortality compared to non-growth restricted preterm infants. Aim: Current study aimed to ascertain the incidence FGR among premature infants and its association with respiratory morbidity. Methods: Institution database for preterm infants of 23–31+6 weeks of gestation was accessed. FGR infants were compared with gestation/sex matched appropriately grown infants. Results: During the period 2016–2018, 973 infants between 23 and 31+6 weeks gestation were admitted amongst whom, 206 (27%) were FGR. Between 28 and 31+6 weeks gestation, approximately 1/3rd were FGR. Gestation and birth weight of the FGR and appropriately grown cohorts were 30.2±0.2 versus 30.1±0.2 weeks (p=0.8) and 1132±43 versus 1499±54 g (p<0.0001), respectively. While antenatal steroids, surfactant, mechanical ventilation, sepsis, and ductal therapy were comparable, respiratory outcomes were significantly worse in the FGR cohort (duration of respiratory support: 37±10 vs. 23±5 days [p=0.016], home oxygen: 24 [11.6%] vs. 8 [3.8%]; [p=0.005] and chronic lung disease [CLD]: 53 [25.7%] vs. 28 [13.6%], [p=0.002], respectively). The odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for developing CLD and for home oxygen when born FGR were 2.2 (1.3–3.6) and 3.2 (1.4–7.4), respectively. Conclusions: In spite of comparable postnatal variables, FGR infants had significantly greater respiratory morbidity.

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Published

2021-08-24

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

Increased incidence of chronic lung disease and respiratory sequelae in growth restricted versus appropriately grown preterms. (2021). Indian Journal of Child Health, 8(8), 280-283. https://doi.org/10.32677/ijch.v8i8.2979

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