Clinico epidemiological profile of Henoch-Schonlein purpura in children: A retrospective study

Abstract

Background: The incidence of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), the most common systemic vasculitis in children, is steadily increasing. It is an immunoglobulin A (IgA) mediated systemic small-vessel vasculitis. HSP is now referred to as IgA vasculitis as per the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference on the Nomenclature of Systemic Vasculitides in 2012. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the clinical profile, pattern of organ involvement, treatment modalities, and outcomes of HSP. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done from January 2016 to June 2018 using the medical records of our institute. During the study period, 27 children were diagnosed with HSP. The age, gender, clinical presentation, and laboratory data including complete blood count, C-Reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and complete urinalysis, USG abdomen, and recurrence were studied. Results: The ratio of male:female was 3:1. Palpable purpura was present in all the patients and was the initial presentation reported in most of the cases. Arthritis was seen in 44% and abdominal pain in 66% of the cases. Renal manifestations in the form of hematuria were reported in 22% and proteinuria in 11% of the patients. Recovery with conservative
management was seen in two patients, whereas others required steroids. Conclusion: HSP is a common vasculitis seen in childhood and it might have the risks for various complications.