Indian Journal of Case Reports
type: channel
description: ISSN: p-ISSN - 2454-129X; e-ISSN - 2454 -1303 Discipline: All medical, surgical and dental specialties Starting Year: 2015 Current volume: Volume 12 Issue per year: 12 (monthly) Editor-in-chief: Dr. Amit Agrawal, India Indexing: Index Copernicus, Journal Guide, BASE, Research Bible, Google Scholar E-mail: editor.ijcr@mansapublishers.com
publisher: Mansa STM Publishers
language: en
publication name: Indian Journal of Case Reports
issn: 2454-129X
items: Simultaneous central and peripheral nervous system involvement inthe same patient: An interesting case report
items: Effectiveness of self-assembling peptide P11-4 as a minimally invasiveintervention for initial smooth-surface carious lesions in permanentteeth: A case report
items: Endoxifen in the management of behavioral addiction – A case report exploring its use beyond mood stabilization
items: Unregulated topical steroid use in India: From skin relief to lifethreatening complications
items: Miller Fisher syndrome associated with polycythemia vera: A rareclinical co-occurrence
items: Adnexal mass after subtotal cesarean hysterectomy: Arare case report
items: Undiagnosed bleeding disorder and pediatric airway: Prudence of ananesthetist prevails!
items: Homeopathic management of carbuncle: A case report
items: Case ReportA rare case of waxing and waning supraclavicular swelling due tointernal jugular vein saccular varix in a 79-year-old male with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease
items: Beyond tuberculosis: A rare case of neuromelioidosis
items: Levetiracetam-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermalnecrolysis overlap: A fatal case report
items: Cosmetic catastrophe: A case report of delayed anaphylactic shocklikely following hair dye exposure
items: When diabetes defies classification: A diagnostic crossroads betweenidiopathic type 1 diabetes and emerging type 5 diabetes
items: The hidden spear: A case series on elongated styloid process
items: Acquired long QT syndrome in a patient with human immunodeficiencyvirus and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex
items: Suspected diphtheria turn out to be Bacillus cereus: A rare case study
items: A rare compound heterozygosity of hemoglobin Siriraj and β-thalassemia in a 72-year-old male: A case report
items: Pancreaticobiliary malignancy masquerading as tuberculosis: A caseof multifocal skeletal and hepatic metastases
items: Silent architects of the jaw: A case series on odontome
items: Mixed germ cell tumor of the testis in a young adult: A case repo
items: Choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy with successfulsubsequent pregnancy
items: Emberyonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of The Prostate In Young Sudanese Male: Case Report
items: Unusual presentation of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in ayoung male: Diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
items: A study on clinical significance of facial diagnosis and iris diagnosis in facial palsy: A case report
items: Late recurarization after sugammadex in a magnesium-sensitized patient precipitated by clindamycin
items: Oral metastasis of occult lung adenocarcinoma presenting as maxillary alveolar swelling: A case report
items: Hemangiolymphangioma of the cervical region: A rare case report
items: Severe necrotizing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureuspneumonia, septic shock, and multiorgan failure in a young man withclassical dengue fever: A case report
items: Bimaxillary jaw involvement in pediatric Burkitt lymphoma: A rare case with radiologic–histopathologic–immunohistochemical correlation
items: Achondroplasia - How do I manage this? A case report and review of the literature

Simultaneous central and peripheral nervous system involvement inthe same patient: An interesting case report
type: item
description: Involvement of the central and peripheral nervous systems (PNS) in the same patient is a rare phenomenon. The causes can be clubbed as infective, demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis, or may be post-vaccination. Neurotoxins are also associated with demyelination. Either of the two may present earlier, followed by the other one. Due to the involvement of both central and peripheral, the patient usually becomes moribund much earlier. If not diagnosed earlier, the patient may have difficulty surviving. Here, we present an interesting case in which both the central and PNSs were involved in the same patient. The cause we found out was infectious, and the patient improved with therapy and has been under follow-up for the last 3 months on treatment. The case in itself is very essential for primary care physicians, as non-specific multiple neurological symptoms, if diagnosed early, may benefit the patient.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Highly active antiretroviral therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Human immunodeficiency virus
  topic: keywords
subject: Peripheral neuropathy
  topic: keywords
subject: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
  topic: keywords
creator: Tarun Sharma
creator: Prachi Jain
creator: Subhash Chander
creator: Rohit Aswal
creator: Monalisa Sethi
creator: Aradhna sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Tarun Sharma, Prachi Jain, Subhash Chander, Rohit Aswal, Monalisa Sethi, Aradhna sharma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-20
publication date: 2026-07-20
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8314

Effectiveness of self-assembling peptide P11-4 as a minimally invasiveintervention for initial smooth-surface carious lesions in permanentteeth: A case report
type: item
description: White spot lesions (WSLs) are the earliest visible manifestation of enamel caries and present significant esthetic concerns, particularly in adolescents. Conventional treatments, such as fluoride, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, and resin infiltration, have limitations, including incomplete remineralization or irreversible enamel alteration. Self-assembling peptide P11-4 (SAP P11-4; Curodont Repair, Credo AG, Switzerland) is a biomimetic material that promotes subsurface hydroxyapatite formation within the lesion body. A 16-year-old female presented with International Caries Detection and Assessment System 1–2 WSLs on the labial surfaces of teeth 11, 12, 21, and 22. Clinical examination excluded fluorosis, enamel hypoplasia, and post-orthodontic demineralization. Following surface preparation, SAP P11-4 was applied under rubber dam isolation. The procedure was well tolerated, with no adverse events. Progressive reduction in lesion opacity was observed, with favorable esthetic and structural outcomes maintained at 1 year, supporting SAP P11-4 as a minimally invasive treatment option.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Biomimetic remineralisation
  topic: keywords
subject: Enamel caries
  topic: keywords
subject: Hydroxyapatite
  topic: keywords
subject: Minimally invasive dentistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Selfassembling peptides
  topic: keywords
subject: White spot lesions
  topic: keywords
creator: Muskan Jain
creator: Rakesh Kumar Yadav
creator: Rhythm Bains
creator: Promila Verma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Muskan Jain, Rakesh Kumar Yadav, Rhythm Bains, Promila Verma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8311

Endoxifen in the management of behavioral addiction – A case report exploring its use beyond mood stabilization
type: item
description: Impulsivity is one of the core features of behavioral addiction. Recent evidence suggests a role of increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the pathophysiology of impulsivity. Consequently, it has been hypothesised that endoxifen, a direct PKC inhibitor, may be useful in the management of impulsivity. We report the case of a 29-year-old woman with a 5–6-year history of impulsive high-risk behaviors in the form of dating-app overuse, substance use, and mood symptoms such as impaired self-care, irritability, disturbed sleep, and appetite, for which she was diagnosed to have a mood disorder with behavioral addiction. Addition of endoxifen at a dose of 8 mg/day led to marked improvement in impulsivity, cravings for substances, and mood symptoms, with good tolerability and sustained benefit over 3 months.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Behavioral addiction
  topic: keywords
subject: Dating app abuse
  topic: keywords
subject: Endoxifen
  topic: keywords
subject: Impulsivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Protein kinase C
  topic: keywords
subject: Substance abuse
  topic: keywords
creator: Dnyanraj Choudhary
creator: Rupali Karwa
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dnyanraj Choudhary, Rupali Karwa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-11
publication date: 2026-06-11
starting page: 299
ending page: 301
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i5.8308

Unregulated topical steroid use in India: From skin relief to lifethreatening complications
type: item
description: Unregulated and prolonged use of corticosteroids, both topical and oral, remains a significant public health concern in India, resulting in severe iatrogenic complications. We report a 35-year-old male who developed iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome, steroid-induced diabetes mellitus, and pulmonary aspergilloma within an old tuberculous cavity following prolonged unsupervised use of high-potency topical steroid (likely clobetasol-based) for widespread eczema. This case highlights the complex interplay of endocrine disruption, metabolic derangements, and immunosuppression leading to opportunistic fungal colonization in structurally damaged lungs. Strict regulation of over-the-counter sales of potent corticosteroids, enhanced public awareness, and improved oversight of healthcare practices are urgently needed to prevent such avoidable morbidity.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Corticosteroids
  topic: keywords
subject: Iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Post-tuberculous cavity
  topic: keywords
subject: Pulmonary aspergilloma
  topic: keywords
subject: Steroid-induced diabetes mellitus
  topic: keywords
subject: Topical steroid misuse
  topic: keywords
creator: Sameer Mohan Agarwal
creator: Deepak Sharma
creator: Saurabh Srivastava
creator: Nishu Jha
creator: Manisha Dhinwa
creator: Mohd. Aqib Ghauri
creator: Sunil Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sameer Mohan Agarwal, Deepak Sharma, Saurabh Srivastava, Nishu Jha, Manisha Dhinwa, Mohd. Aqib Ghauri, Sunil Kumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-20
publication date: 2026-07-20
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8300

Miller Fisher syndrome associated with polycythemia vera: A rareclinical co-occurrence
type: item
description: Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare, acute immune-mediated neuropathy characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. Polycythemia vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm marked by autonomous erythroid overproduction and elevated thromboembolic risk. The clinical co-occurrence of these two distinct conditions is exceptionally rare. We report a case of a 42-year-old male presenting with a 3-day history of walking unsteadiness, bilateral eyelid drooping, and blurred vision following a low-grade fever. Diagnosis of MFS was confirmed through cerebrospinal fluid analysis, showing albumin-cytological dissociation, and a strongly positive serum anti-GQ1b antibody titer. Concurrently, severe erythrocytosis led to a bone marrow diagnosis of PV, notably testing negative for the Janus activated kinase gene but positive for the additional sex combs like 1 mutation. Despite compounded hyperviscosity and thrombotic risks, the patient was successfully treated with standard intravenous immunoglobulin and therapeutic venesection, resulting in full neurological resolution.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Additional sex combs like 1 mutation
  topic: keywords
subject: Ataxia, Immunoglobulin
  topic: keywords
subject: Miller Fisher syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Polycythemia vera
  topic: keywords
creator: krishnan balagopal
creator: Suneesh S
creator: Mintu Ann Joy
creator: Nikhil Philip
creator: Elizabeth Kuruvilla
creator: Anirudh Pai
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 krishnan balagopal, Suneesh S, Mintu Ann Joy, Nikhil Philip , Elizabeth Kuruvilla, Anirudh Pai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-08
publication date: 2026-07-08
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8291

Adnexal mass after subtotal cesarean hysterectomy: Arare case report
type: item
description: Serous cystadenoma is a frequently encountered benign epithelial ovarian tumor in women of reproductive age. Management becomes more challenging in patients with previous pelvic surgeries because of dense adhesions and altered pelvic anatomy. We describe the case of a 31-year-old woman with a prior subtotal cesarean hysterectomy performed for placenta accreta spectrum disorder, who presented with chronic left lower abdominal pain. Radiological imaging demonstrated a multiloculated left adnexal cystic lesion with septations and mural nodularity, raising suspicion of neoplastic pathology. An exploratory laparotomy with adhesiolysis and cyst excision was undertaken successfully. Histopathological examination confirmed serous cystadenoma. This case emphasizes the significance of thorough preoperative assessment, multidisciplinary planning, and careful surgical dissection in patients with complex postoperative pelvic adhesions.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Adnexal mass
  topic: keywords
subject: Cearean hysterectomy,
  topic: keywords
subject: Exploratory laparotomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Pelvic adhesions
  topic: keywords
subject: Serous cystadenoma
  topic: keywords
creator: Ani Chandanan
creator: Charu Yadav
creator: Asha Saxena
creator: Jyotika Parmar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ani Chandanan, Charu Yadav, Asha Saxena, Jyotika Parmar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-02
publication date: 2026-07-02
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8284

Undiagnosed bleeding disorder and pediatric airway: Prudence of ananesthetist prevails!
type: item
description: A 7-year-old, 28-kg male child with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability was diagnosed to have left-sided pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction and left hydronephrosis, for which he was planned for left-sided pyeloplasty under general anesthesia. The patient had developed a spontaneous oro-nasal bleed, which was managed successfully in the perioperative period without any hemodynamic instability and perioperative respiratory adverse events (PRAE). The patient was extubated on the table without any airway complications after confirming complete neuromuscular blockade recovery
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Hemophilia A
  topic: keywords
subject: Laryngoscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: Oro-nasal bleeding
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric airway
  topic: keywords
subject: Perioperative respiratory adverse events
  topic: keywords
creator: Kumbhar Prathamesh Gurudas
creator: Suruchi Richhariya
creator: T Jayasree
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kumbhar Prathamesh Gurudas, Suruchi Richhariya, T Jayasree https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-20
publication date: 2026-07-20
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8279

Homeopathic management of carbuncle: A case report
type: item
description: A carbuncle is a deep bacterial infection involving adjacent hair follicles and surrounding subcutaneous tissue, commonly managed with incision and drainage along with antibiotic therapy. A 52-year-old male presented with a painful swelling over the nape of the neck of 5 days’ duration, associated with foul-smelling purulent discharge mixed with blood and pain aggravated at night. The patient was a known case of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension and was on regular allopathic medication. Clinical examination revealed an indurated, tender swelling with purulent discharge and localized inflammation, leading to the diagnosis of a carbuncle. Individualized homeopathic treatment with Tarentula cubensis was prescribed along with local dressing using Calendula officinalis mother tincture. Progressive reduction in pain, discharge, and swelling was observed during follow-up, with complete healing achieved within 1 month without surgical intervention. This case highlights the possible role of individualized homeopathic medicine as a therapeutic approach in carbuncle in a diabetic without recourse to antibiotics or surgical intervention.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Calendula officinalis
  topic: keywords
subject: Carbuncle
  topic: keywords
subject: Case report
  topic: keywords
subject: Homeopathy
  topic: keywords
subject: Tarentula cubensis
  topic: keywords
creator: Mallesh Reddy
creator: Lokesh Kadapa
creator: Asmita Tiwari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mallesh Reddy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-02
publication date: 2026-07-02
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8278

Case ReportA rare case of waxing and waning supraclavicular swelling due tointernal jugular vein saccular varix in a 79-year-old male with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease
type: item
description: Supraclavicular swellings encompass a broad range of infectious, neoplastic, and vascular etiologies. A 79-year-old male with a history of chronic smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with a right-sided neck mass that had progressed from the size of a pea to a lemon over 3 months. The swelling exhibited a unique “waxing and waning” pattern, appearing prominently during coughing and Valsalva maneuvers and resolving completely afterward. Clinical examination revealed a 3 × 3 cm soft, non-pulsatile cystic mass. Ultrasound and computed tomography angiography confirmed a focal saccular aneurysmal dilatation of the right internal jugular vein, measuring 3.2 cm in diameter. In the absence of complications, such as thrombosis or compressive symptoms, conservative management and regular follow-up are preferred over surgical intervention. This case emphasizes the importance of considering rare vascular anomalies in the differential diagnosis of dynamic neck masses.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Internal jugular vein
  topic: keywords
subject: Neck mass
  topic: keywords
subject: venous dilatation
  topic: keywords
subject: Phlebectasia
  topic: keywords
subject: Saccular varix
  topic: keywords
subject: Supraclavicular swelling
  topic: keywords
creator: Prince Handa
creator: Ishwar Singh
creator: Ashish Gopal
creator: Sabareesh Mylswamy
creator: Shafaat Ahmad
creator: Anubha Mangla
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Prince Handa, Ishwar Singh, Ashish Gopal, Sabareesh Mylswamy, Shafaat Ahmad, Anubha Mangla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-21
publication date: 2026-07-21
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8276

Beyond tuberculosis: A rare case of neuromelioidosis
type: item
description: Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease in India caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, with central nervous system (CNS) involvement being particularly rare and associated with high mortality. Neuromelioidosis often mimics tuberculosis, malignancy, or other granulomatous infections, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment, especially in non-coastal regions. We report a case of a 44-year-old male from Rajasthan with a 4-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented with prolonged fever, headache, irritability, and focal neurological deficits. Neuroimaging revealed multiple right temporo-occipital T2 hyperintense lesions with hemorrhagic changes initially misinterpreted as tubercular granulomas. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis demonstrated clear fluid with five lymphocytes/mm3, protein 82 mg/dL, glucose 72 mg/dL, and sterile culture. Microbiological work-up for tuberculosis and commontropical infections was negative. Blood culture subsequently grew B. pseudomallei, establishing the diagnosis of Neuromelioidosis. The patient was treated with intravenous meropenem followed by oral cotrimoxazole, resulting in clinical and radiological improvement, though residual neurological deficits persisted. Neuromelioidosis should be considered in diabetic patients presenting with unexplained CNS lesions, even in non-endemic or arid regions, such as Rajasthan. This case highlights the expanding geographical footprint of melioidosis in India and underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion, early microbiological diagnosis, and appropriate prolonged therapy to reduce morbidity and mortality.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Neuromelioidosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Burkholderia pseudomallei
  topic: keywords
subject: Central nervous system infection
  topic: keywords
subject: Diabetes mellitus
  topic: keywords
creator: Harsh Pratap Singh
creator: RK Bhimwal
creator: Arun Bargali
creator: Prateek Sharma
creator: Surender Detha
creator: Aman Jhajharia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Harsh Pratap Singh, RK Bhimwal, Arun Bargali, Prateek Sharma, Surender Detha, Aman Jhajharia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-02
publication date: 2026-07-02
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8261

Levetiracetam-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermalnecrolysis overlap: A fatal case report
type: item
description: Levetiracetam is a second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED) that is generally regarded as having a favorable safety profile and a lower propensity for severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) than the aromatic AEDs such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, and lamotrigine. Nevertheless, rare and occasionally fatal SCARs, including Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), have been reported with its use. We describe a 29-year-old female with hypertension, hypothyroidism in the past 3 years, and a 1-year history of a seizure disorder who developed painful oral mucosal ulceration followed by generalized erythematous and dusky macules with epidermal detachment 10 days after the initiation of levetiracetam. The extent of epidermal detachment was estimated at approximately 18% of the body surface area, placing the eruption within the SJS/TEN overlap spectrum. Causality assessment using the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale and the World Health Organization–Uppsala Monitoring Centre criteria categorized the reaction as probable. Despite immediate withdrawal of the offending drug, fluid and electrolyte resuscitation, meticulous wound care, and supportive intensive management, the patient developed secondary sepsis with multiorgan dysfunction and died. Although levetiracetam is considered comparatively safe, clinicians must remain vigilant for life-threatening cutaneous reactions. Early recognition, immediate withdrawal of the suspected agent, and prompt referral to a specialized burn or intensive care unit are critical determinants of outcome.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Case Report
  topic: keywords
subject: antiepileptic drugs
  topic: keywords
subject: Adverse drug reaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Levetiracetam
  topic: keywords
subject: Severe cutaneous adverse reaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Stevens– Johnson syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Toxic epidermal necrolysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Aravind Manoj Kumar Rajendran
creator: Vinod S Deshmukh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Aravind Manoj Kumar Rajendran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-02
publication date: 2026-07-02
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8270

Cosmetic catastrophe: A case report of delayed anaphylactic shocklikely following hair dye exposure
type: item
description: Hair dye-related allergic reactions are increasingly common, mainly due to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) in permanent hair dyes. Systemic hypersensitivity reactions such as anaphylaxis are rare and may present atypically. We report a 61-year-old man with hypertension and ischemic heart disease who presented with recurrent syncope and hypotension. During intensive care stay, he developed progressive facial, periorbital swelling, and worsening hypotension. History revealed recent hair dye application followed by scalp and facial pruritus, suggesting possible hair dye-induced anaphylaxis. The patient improved with adrenaline, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and fluids. This case highlights the importance of detailed exposure history and early recognition of anaphylaxis in unexplained syncope or shock.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Anaphylaxis
  topic: keywords
subject: Hair dye
  topic: keywords
subject: Hypersensitivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Para-phenylenediamine
  topic: keywords
subject: Syncope
  topic: keywords
creator: Kiran Kuraning
creator: Ganesh K M
creator: Pooja Prathapan Sarada
creator: Garud Suresh Chandan
creator: Padmakumar Arayamparambil Vijayan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kiran Kuraning, Ganesh K M, Pooja Prathapan Sarada, Garud Suresh Chandan, Padmakumar Arayamparambil Vijayan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-02
publication date: 2026-07-02
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8269

When diabetes defies classification: A diagnostic crossroads betweenidiopathic type 1 diabetes and emerging type 5 diabetes
type: item
description: Atypical forms of diabetes increasingly challenge conventional classification systems, particularly in young lean individuals presenting with insulin deficiency but lacking autoimmune markers. We report the case of a 22-year-old Indian male with poorly controlled diabetes diagnosed at 17 years of age who presented with fever, generalized weakness, burning micturition, hypotension, severe metabolic acidosis (arterial pH 6.9), ketonuria, and anemia. Immunological evaluation, including glutamic acid decarboxylase, insulin autoantibodies, insulinoma-associated antigen-2, zinc transporter 8, and islet cell antibodies, was negative. The patient was managed with intravenous fluids, insulin infusion, electrolyte correction, nutritional support, and antibiotics with gradual clinical improvement. The coexistence of profound insulin deficiency, ketosis, lean body habitus, and probable chronic undernutrition created a diagnostic dilemma between idiopathic type 1 diabetes (type 1B diabetes) and malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus, recently re-emphasized as type 5 diabetes. This report highlights the evolving spectrum of atypical diabetes phenotypes, the limitations of current classification systems, and the importance of recognizing malnutrition-associated diabetes in resource-limited settings.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Autoantibody-negative diabetes
  topic: keywords
subject: Ketosis-prone diabetes
  topic: keywords
subject: Malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus
  topic: keywords
subject: Type 1B diabetes
  topic: keywords
subject: Type 5 diabetes
  topic: keywords
creator: Avi Singh
creator: Mohd Laraib
creator: Deepak Sharma
creator: Saurabh Srivastava
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Avi Singh, DR. MOHD LARAIB, Deepak Sharma, Saurabh Srivastava https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-27
publication date: 2026-06-27
starting page: 416
ending page: 419
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8263

The hidden spear: A case series on elongated styloid process
type: item
description: The styloid process (SP) is a slender, pointed projection of the temporal bone at the base of the skull, typically 20–30 mm long. It serves as a crucial anchor for muscles and ligaments involving the tongue and larynx. When its length exceeds 30 mm or when the stylohyoid ligament becomes calcified, it is termed an elongated SP. In some cases, this condition is associated with Eagle syndrome. Eagle’s syndrome refers to unilateral or bilateral elongation of the SP or calcified stylohyoid ligament, along with other symptoms, such as dysphagia, otalgia, tinnitus, and globus pharyngeus. Many individuals with an elongated SP do not show any symptoms, and the condition is often discovered incidentally on radiographs. Early diagnosis is important to prevent confusion with other causes of orofacial pain and to provide appropriate treatment. Awareness among dental practitioners, especially in oral medicine and radiology, is essential for the proper identification and management of this condition. The present case series report covers cases of elongation of the SP as incidental findings, discussing clinical and radiographic features along with a brief review of the literature.
subject: Case Series
  topic: section
subject: Eagles syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Elongated
  topic: keywords
subject: Incidental findings
  topic: keywords
subject: Styloid case series
  topic: keywords
subject: Styloid process
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr.Aryan Agrawal
creator: Dr. AVIKA PAREEK
creator: Dr.TANISHKA CHAUDHARY
creator: DR.MANOJ MEENA
creator: Dr.PALLAVI BAGHLA
creator: Shobhit Kaswan
creator: Dr.KANISHKA SINGH
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Aryan Agrawal, Avika Pareek, Tanishka Choudhary, Manoj Meena, Pallavi Baghla, Shobhit Kaswan, Kanishka Singh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-16
publication date: 2026-06-16
starting page: 354
ending page: 357
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8254

Acquired long QT syndrome in a patient with human immunodeficiencyvirus and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex
type: item
description: Acquired long QT syndrome is usually seen secondary to metabolic abnormalities and medications, including macrolide antibiotics, anti-psychotics, and anti-arrhythmics. QT prolongation has also been seen in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), particularly those with poorly controlled HIV status, immunocompromised state, and electrolyte imbalances associated with chronic HIV infection. We present a case report of a young male with poorly controlled HIV (CD4 count 11 cells/uL, high viral load) who presented with fatigue, shortness of breath, and a mechanical fall, with an initial electrocardiogram showing a prolonged corrected QT (QTc) interval, and was eventually found to have disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection upon bone marrow biopsy. The primary clinical dilemma involved starting initial macrolide-based antibiotic therapy for disseminated MAC, and in the presence of a QTc >500. The case highlights the complex challenge of managing critical illness in advanced HIV and balancing the pro-arrhythmic danger of treatment against the immediate mortality of untreated infection when widespread MAC necessitates the use of macrolides.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex
  topic: keywords
subject: Long QT syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Macrolides
  topic: keywords
subject: Wellens’ syndrome
  topic: keywords
creator: Bhupinder Singh
creator: Rakshit Singh Saini
creator: Ira Gupta
creator: Sakshi Verma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bhupinder Singh, Rakshit Singh Saini, Ira Gupta, Sakshi Verma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-27
publication date: 2026-06-27
starting page: 411
ending page: 415
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8260

Suspected diphtheria turn out to be Bacillus cereus: A rare case study
type: item
description: Bacillus cereus rarely causes respiratory tract infections. We present a suspected case of diphtheria with sepsis, which turned out to be B. cereus. A 6-year-old female child presented with fever, cough, dyspnea, and dysphagia. On examination, bilateral submandibular swelling and pseudomembrane were present in the oral cavity. A throat swab and blood were taken for microbiological examination. Gram stain of throat swab showed Gram-positive bacilli, and there were no Corynebacterium diptheriae-like bacilli in Albert’s stain. B. cereus grew both in the throat swab and the blood. Antibiotics were changed according to the culture report. Targeted therapy was successful, and the patient was discharged uneventfully. This is a rare case highlighting B. cereus as a potential pathogenic cause for a life-threatening infection in otherwise immunocompetent children whose vaccination status was complete. Microbiological testing, such as stains and culture, is essential for accurate diagnosis and timely management.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Bacillus cereus
  topic: keywords
subject: Diphtheria mimic
  topic: keywords
subject: Pseudomembrane
  topic: keywords
creator: Ankur Goyal
creator: Ekta Singh
creator: Sapna Goyal
creator: Nisha Rathore
creator: Pragya Shakya
creator: Vijay Yadav
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ankur Goyal, Ekta Singh, Sapna Goyal, Nisha Rathore, Pragya Shakya, Vijay Yadav https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-02
publication date: 2026-07-02
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8259

A rare compound heterozygosity of hemoglobin Siriraj and β-thalassemia in a 72-year-old male: A case report
type: item
description: Microcytic hypochromic Anemia in elderly patients is commonly attributed to iron deficiency or chronic disease. However, hemoglobinopathies may remain undiagnosed until late adulthood. A 72-year-old male with no significant clinical symptoms, with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus (type 2), and peripheral neuropathy, came to our Center for blood glucose levels. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed an abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) pattern with an HbC fraction of 74.6% and an elevated HbA2 of 8.9%. Subsequent molecular analysis using Sanger sequencing identified compound heterozygosity for Hb Siriraj and β-thalassemia. This case highlights the importance of considering rare Hb variants and molecular testing in elderly patients with unexplained microcytic anemia. The coexistence of Hb Siriraj and β-thalassemia is rare in the Indian population.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Hemoglobin Siriraj
  topic: keywords
subject: High-performance liquid chromatography
  topic: keywords
subject: Microcytic hypochromic anemia
  topic: keywords
subject: Sanger sequencing
  topic: keywords
subject: β-thalassemia
  topic: keywords
creator: Aparna Akella
creator: Shalini R R
creator: Rajesh V. Bendre Bendre
creator: Siva prasad Siddapuram Siddapuram
creator: Eswari Dodagatta-Marri Dodagatta-Marri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 V Sankara Aparna Akella, R Shalini, Rajesh V Bendre, Shivaprasad Siddapuram, Eeswari Doddagatta Marri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-16
publication date: 2026-06-16
starting page: 402
ending page: 405
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8256

Pancreaticobiliary malignancy masquerading as tuberculosis: A caseof multifocal skeletal and hepatic metastases
type: item
description: A 41-year-old female with remote treated pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) presented with 4 months of progressive back pain and dry cough. Magnetic resonance imaging of the dorso-lumbo-sacral spine revealed multifocal altered marrow signals in multiple vertebrae and both iliac bones, consistent with osseous metastases. Triphasic computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrated multiple peripherally enhancing hepatic nodules with inner cystic change (largest 35 × 31 mm), common bile duct widening to 6 mm with diffuse wall thickening, and bilateral pleural effusions with a left basal soft-tissue lesion. Pleural fluid analysis showed CA19-9 >1000 U/L, lactate dehydrogenase 856.2 U/L, adenosine deaminase 11.1 U/L, glucose 35 mg/dL, and total protein 4.1 g/dL, consistent with malignant exudative effusion. A prior history of TB and overlapping symptoms created diagnostic anchoring bias. The patient developed sepsis and succumbed before histopathological confirmation. This case underscores the critical importance of tumor marker profiling, multimodal imaging, and early oncologic referral in patients with multifocal skeletal and hepatic lesions, regardless of prior TB history
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: CA19-9, Liver metastasis
  topic: keywords
subject: Spinal metastases
  topic: keywords
subject: Tuberculosis mimic
  topic: keywords
subject: Vertebral metastasis
  topic: keywords
subject: Malignant pleural effusion
  topic: keywords
subject: Pancreaticobiliary malignancy
  topic: keywords
creator: Girin Ray
creator: Chandra Paul Gupta
creator: Satyaki Basu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 GIRIN RAY, Chandra Paul Gupta, Satyaki Basu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-02
publication date: 2026-07-02
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8251

Silent architects of the jaw: A case series on odontome
type: item
description: Odontomes are the most common benign odontogenic tumors of the jaw, which are usually slow-growing and non-aggressive. They are generally asymptomatic and diagnosed during routine radiographic investigations and are mostly associated with tooth eruption disturbances. Here, in this case series, we report six cases of compound and composite odontoma, with a relevant review of the literature. The present case series report covers cases of odontomes with an age group varying from 20 to 70 years, discussing clinical and radiographic features along with a brief review of the literature.
subject: Case Series
  topic: section
subject: Benign odontogenic tumors
  topic: keywords
subject: Complex composite odontoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Compound composite odontoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Hamartoma
  topic: keywords
creator: Avika Pareek
creator: DR. Manoj meena
creator: Dr pallavi baghla
creator: Shobhit Kaswan
creator: Dr kanishka singh
creator: DR ARYAN Agarwal
creator: DR. Tanishka choudhary
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Avika Pareek, Manoj Meena, Pallavi Baghla, Shobhit Kaswan, Kanishka Singh, Aryan Agarwal, Tanishka Choudhary https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 344
ending page: 348
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8250

Mixed germ cell tumor of the testis in a young adult: A case repo
type: item
description: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common solid malignancy in young men aged 15–35 years, with mixed germ cell tumors posing particular diagnostic and staging challenges due to their combined seminomatous and non-seminomatous composition. We report a 22-year-old male who presented with a 4-month history of progressive right scrotal swelling. Imaging revealed bilateral common iliac and paraaortic lymphadenopathy. He underwent right radical orchidectomy. Histopathology confirmed a mixed seminomatous–non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (90% seminoma, 10% embryonal carcinoma) with lymphovascular invasion, staged as pT2 (AJCC 8th Edition). This case underscores the importance of complete pre-operative tumor marker assessment, including serum alpha-fetoprotein, meticulous histopathological sampling, and a multidisciplinary approach for optimal management.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Embryonal carcinoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Mixed germ cell tumor
  topic: keywords
subject: orchidectomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Seminoma
  topic: keywords
creator: Bhushan M Warpe
creator: Shweta S Joshi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Bhushan M Warpe, Shweta S Joshi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-25
publication date: 2026-06-25
starting page: 373
ending page: 376
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8248

Choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy with successfulsubsequent pregnancy
type: item
description: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) denotes subtypes of gestational trophoblastic disease that have invasion potential, for example, invasive mole. Gestational choriocarcinoma (CC). Gestational CC is an extremely malignant tumor and considered the most common histologic type of GTN encountered following normal pregnancy; however,CC is a potentially curable disease, and the outlook is excellent in most cases. This case report involves clinical management and long-term follow-up of a 32-year-old female who presented 28 days after cesarean delivery with recurrent episodes of massive delayed postpartum hemorrhage. Her evaluation revealed an elevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin level (36053.9 mIU/mL) and uterine vascular mass on pelvic ultrasound. Diagnosis of CC was confirmed histologically on the specimen retrieved during suction and curettage. The patient received 6 cycles of chemotherapy (vincristine-cisplatin) with a good response. She got pregnant 1 month after the last dose of chemotherapy. Her subsequent pregnancy was uneventful, and she gave birth to a healthy baby at 38 weeks. Such cases display a diagnostic challenge in low-resource settings and concerns regarding fertility preservation in survivors of CC.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Postpartum choriocarcinoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Delayed postpartum hemorrhage
  topic: keywords
subject: Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin
  topic: keywords
subject: chemotherapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Mustafa Mohammed Mustafa Abdoalrhman
creator: Ebtihal Abbas Elameen
creator: Esra Abdalla Osman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mustafa Mohammed Mustafa Abdoalrhman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 406
ending page: 410
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8245

Emberyonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of The Prostate In Young Sudanese Male: Case Report
type: item
description: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive soft-tissue cancer. Embryonal RMS (ERMS) is common in when originating in the prostate, usually carrying a poor prognosis. A 15-year-old male from Sudan presented with acute urinary retention. Examination and biopsy confirmed ERMS of the prostate with metastasis to the lungs and pelvic lymph nodes. Despite palliative surgery, transurethral resection of the prostate, and chemotherapy, the patient passedaway 6 months later due to chemotherapy complications. This is the first documented case of prostatic ERMS inSudan. The case underscores the malignancy’s aggressive nature and the critical need for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and multidisciplinary care to improve survival rates.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Prostate
  topic: keywords
subject: Sudan
  topic: keywords
creator: Amer Abbo Hassan
creator: H Basil Amer Abbo
creator: Hatim Osman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Amer Abbo Hassan, H Basil Amer Abbo, Hatim Osman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8244

Unusual presentation of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in ayoung male: Diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
type: item
description: The acquired autoimmune thrombophilia known as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is defined by arterial or venous thrombosis in the presence of persistent antiphospholipid antibodies. APS in young guys is uncommon and frequently underdiagnosed because of unusual presentation and multisystem involvement, whereas it is more frequently observed in females, particularly accompanying maternal morbidity, acute abdominal distension, jaundice, and black urine. These were the symptoms observed in a 35-year-old male patient who had no past comorbidities. Massive ascites and hepatocellular dysfunction were found upon examination. Investigations revealed conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, significantly increased liver enzymes, positive lupus anticoagulant, and negative anticardiolipin and anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies. Imaging showed severe portal vein thrombosis that extended into the splenic and superior mesenteric veins with mesenteric ischemia, as well as Budd-Chiari syndrome with hepatic vein non-opacification. The patient had hepatic vein stenting after receiving therapeutic anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin right away. He was switched to acenocoumarol for long-term oral anticoagulation.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Anticoagulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Antiphospholipid syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Budd-Chiari syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Case report
  topic: keywords
subject: Portal vein thrombosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Thrombophilia
  topic: keywords
subject: Young male
  topic: keywords
creator: Harshal Deshbhratar
creator: Udit Narang
creator: Samyak Golchha
creator: Rajashree khot
creator: Ganesh Raut
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Harshal Deshbhratar, Udit Narang, Samyak Golchha, Rajashree khot, Ganesh Raut https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-21
publication date: 2026-07-21
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8241

A study on clinical significance of facial diagnosis and iris diagnosis in facial palsy: A case report
type: item
description: According to the principles of naturopathy, disease is considered to arise from the accumulation of waste and toxic matter within the body, leading to impaired physiological functioning. Naturopathy emphasizes non-pharmacological interventions aimed at detoxification and restoration of normal bodily functions without adversely affecting vital organs. Facial palsy is one of the most common cranial nerve disorders and presents with characteristic facial asymmetry due to involvement of the facial nerve branches. It is commonly defined as an acute peripheral facial nerve palsy of unknown etiology, with many cases classified as idiopathic. This case report highlights the clinical significance of facial diagnosis and iridology as traditional natural diagnostic tools in the assessment of facial palsy. A 54-year-old male presented with reduced mobility of the left forehead and eyebrows, involuntary blinking of the left eye, facial pigmentation changes, and swelling of the jaw region. Facial diagnostic observations revealed asymmetry, altered facial expressions, and muscle weakness, while iridological examination showed nerve rings and lesions corresponding to facial and neurological regions. The findings suggest that facial diagnosis and iridology may serve as supportive, non-invasive assessment tools in the clinical evaluation of facial palsy.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Facial diagnosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Facial palsy
  topic: keywords
subject: Iridology
  topic: keywords
subject: Naturopathy
  topic: keywords
creator: VIJAYARAGHAVAN NARAYANASAMY
creator: P G Ahalya
creator: C Pratap Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 N Vijayaraghavan, P G Ahalya, C Pratap Singh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-16
publication date: 2026-06-16
starting page: 399
ending page: 401
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8239

Late recurarization after sugammadex in a magnesium-sensitized patient precipitated by clindamycin
type: item
subject: Letter to Editor
  topic: section
creator: Kavita Dugg
creator: Sarvjit kaur
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kavita Dugg, Sarvjit kaur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 420
ending page: 421
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8238

Oral metastasis of occult lung adenocarcinoma presenting as maxillary alveolar swelling: A case report
type: item
description: Metastasis to the oral cavity from pulmonary malignancy is an exceptionally rare event, accounting for 1% of all oral malignancies. This report describes a unique case of a 66-year-old female in whom a destructive non-tender maxillary alveolar swelling served as a singular manifestation of an otherwise occult primary lung adenocarcinoma. The patient presented with a soft, non-tender swelling and a persistent sinus tract despite the extraction of teeth. Radiographs confirmed a 25×24×25 mm irregular mass causing complete erosion of the maxillary alveolus and floor of the right maxillary sinus. Diagnosis was established via biopsy and an immunohistochemical panel, which demonstrated co-positivity for thyroid transcription factor-1 and cytokeratin 7. This confirmed Stage IV disease, necessitating a transition to palliative care. The patient succumbed 2 months after diagnosis. This case underscores the necessity for clinicians to include distant metastasis in the diagnosis of non-healing or aggressive oral lesions, as timely identification is critical for appropriate staging and management.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Adenocarcinoma of lung
  topic: keywords
subject: Case report
  topic: keywords
subject: Maxillary neoplasms
  topic: keywords
subject: Neoplasm metastasis
  topic: keywords
subject: Thyroid transcription factor-1
  topic: keywords
creator: PRAKRUTI VIJAY SUTHAR SUTHAR
creator: Dr. Shilpa Parikh
creator: Dr. Mruga Joshi
creator: Dr. Jigna Shah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Prakruti Vijay Suthar, Shilpa Jayesh Parikh, Mruga Manoj Joshi, Jigna Sathya Shah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-10
publication date: 2026-06-10
starting page: 391
ending page: 394
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8237

Hemangiolymphangioma of the cervical region: A rare case report
type: item
description: Hemangiolymphangioma is a rare developmental anomaly. Vascular anomalies are classified under two categories, including vascular tumors and vascular malformations, based on cellular turnover, histology, and clinical features. Hemangioma is an example of a vascular tumor, and lymphangioma is an example of a vascular anomaly. Malformations can be seen in mixed combinations of vascular elements, such as blood and lymph. Histologically, vessels filled with both blood and lymph are named as lymphangiohemangioma or hemangiolymphangioma, depending on the dominant tissue present. This paper reports a case of hemangiolymphangioma in a 20-year-old male patient.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Cystic hygroma
  topic: keywords
subject: Hamartomatous
  topic: keywords
subject: Hemangioma
  topic: keywords
subject: Lymphangioma
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Shilpa Bairagi Shilpa
creator: Sarita Nibhoria
creator: Harmanpreet Kaur
creator: Navjot Kaur
creator: Harman Gill
creator: Kuldeep Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Shilpa Bairagi, Sarita Nibhoria, Harmanpreet Kaur, Navjot Kaur, Harman Gill, Kuldeep Singh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-10
publication date: 2026-06-10
starting page: 388
ending page: 390
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8232

Severe necrotizing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureuspneumonia, septic shock, and multiorgan failure in a young man withclassical dengue fever: A case report
type: item
description: Dengue fever is one of the most common mosquito-borne viral illnesses worldwide. Although most cases are selflimiting, concomitant bacterial infections may result in severe complications and increased mortality. A 32-year-old previously healthy male presented with a 7-day history of rash over the right side of the neck extending to the occipital region, 4 days of fever, vomiting, malaise, headache, neck swelling with restricted neck movements, and 1 day of cough and shortness of breath. Evaluation revealed neck cellulitis, bilateral pneumonia, thrombocytopenia, acute kidney injury, myocarditis, hepatic dysfunction, and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. Dengue immunoglobulin M was positive. Despite initial broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, the patient developed progressive necrotizing pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation. Following escalation to targeted antimicrobial therapy together with adjunctive therapy, significant clinical improvement was observed, and the patient was discharged in stable condition. Severe bacterial coinfection should be considered in dengue patients with atypical clinical deterioration. Early recognition and prompt treatment of MSSA-associated necrotizing pneumonia may be life-saving.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Coinfection
  topic: keywords
subject: Dengue fever
  topic: keywords
subject: Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
  topic: keywords
subject: Multiorgan failure
  topic: keywords
subject: Necrotizing pneumonia
  topic: keywords
subject: Septic shock
  topic: keywords
creator: Lexy Vijayan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Lexy Vijayan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-07-21
publication date: 2026-07-21
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i7.8229

Bimaxillary jaw involvement in pediatric Burkitt lymphoma: A rare case with radiologic–histopathologic–immunohistochemical correlation
type: item
description: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by rapid proliferation and high chemosensitivity. Bilateral jaw involvement in sporadic BL is rare and may pose a diagnostic challenge. Here, we report the case of a 12-year-old male who presented with rapidly progressive bilateral facial swelling following dental trauma and extraction, with onset noted within 2 days post-extraction. Clinical and radiographic findings revealed diffuse gingival enlargement, loss of lamina dura, and displacement of developing teeth. Histopathological examination demonstrated a characteristic “starry-sky” appearance, while immunohistochemistry confirmed CD20+, CD10+, and LCA+ B-cell lineage with a Ki-67 index approaching 100%. The patient was treated with multi-agent COPADM chemotherapy and showed marked regression within 1 month. Early recognition of atypical oral swellings, especially those with rapid onset following dental procedures, and prompt biopsy are critical for timely diagnosis and effective management of this aggressive yet highly curable malignancy.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Bilateral jaw swelling, Burkitt lymphoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Immunohistochemistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric lymphoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Post-extraction swelling
  topic: keywords
creator: Mruga Joshi
creator: Shilpa Parikh
creator: Prakruti Suthar
creator: Jigna Shah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mruga Manoj Joshi, Shilpa Jayesh Parikh, Prakruti Vijay Suthar, Jigna Sathya Shah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-06
publication date: 2026-06-06
starting page: 364
ending page: 369
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8226

Achondroplasia - How do I manage this? A case report and review of the literature
type: item
description: Achondroplasia, while being the most common form of disproportionate short stature, is a relatively rare case to encounter during anesthetic practice. With various problems, such as bony anomalies of the vertebral spine and difficult airway, planning anesthetic management of these patients requires special considerations. We report the case of a 54-year-old female with Achondroplasia, with fracture of the neck of the right femur treated by open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture. An appropriate sensory level could not be achieved on administration of spinal anesthesia despite an adequate dosage of Bupivacaine. Subsequently, conversion to general anesthesia was required. Surgery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged from the hospital after 48 h.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Achondroplasia
  topic: keywords
subject: Difficult airway
  topic: keywords
subject: Spinal anesthesia failure
  topic: keywords
creator: Gautami Pai
creator: Pabitra Ghoshal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Gautami Pai, Pabitra Ghoshal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 385
ending page: 387
doi: 10.32677/ijcr.v12i6.8222